用51单片机定时器中断设计电子钟

#include
#define uchar unsigned char
sbit rd=P2^6;
sbit wr=P2^5;
sbit lcde=P2^7;
sbit k1=P1^0;
sbit k2=P1^1;
sbit k4=P1^3;
sbit k8=P1^7;
uchar code table1[]="2011-11-05";
uchar code table2[]="00:00:00";
uchar code table3[][3]={{"MON"},{"TUE"},{"WED"},{"THU"},{"FRI"},{"SAT"},{"SUN"}}; //定义了二维数组存放星期
uchar t,s1num;
char shi,fen,miao,week,nian;
uchar yue=1,ri=1;
void delay(uchar z) //延迟zms函数
{
uchar x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x--)
for(y=110;y>0;y--);

}

void write_com(uchar com)//液晶写指令操作
{
rd=0;
wr=0;
delay(5);
lcde=1;
P0=com;
lcde=0;
}

void write_date(uchar date)//液晶写数据操作
{
rd=1;
wr=0;
delay(5);
lcde=1;
P0=date;
lcde=0;
}

void write_sfm(uchar add,uchar date)//更新时分秒
{
uchar shi,ge;
shi=date/10;
ge=date;
write_com(0x80+0x40+add);
write_date(0x30+shi);
write_date(0x30+ge);
}

void write_week(uchar i)//更新星期
{
uchar j;
write_com(0x80+0x0b);
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
{
write_date(table3[i][j]);

}
}

void write_riqi(uchar add,uchar riqi)//更新年月日
{
uchar shi,ge;
shi=riqi/10;
ge=riqi;
write_com(0x80+0x00+add);
write_date(0x30+shi);
write_date(0x30+ge);
}

void init()//初始化函数
{
uchar i,j;

write_com(0x38);
write_com(0x0c);
write_com(0x06);
write_com(0x01);

write_com(0x80+0x00);
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
write_date(table1[i]);

write_com(0x80+0x00+0x0b);
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
write_date(table3[week][j]);

write_com(0x80+0x46);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
write_date(table2[i]);

TMOD=0x01;//定时器0工作方式1
TH0=(65536-50000)/256;//设定定时器初值
TL0=(65536-50000)%6;//12M晶振时50ms数为50000
EA=1;
ET0=1;
TR0=1;
}

void keyscan()//键盘扫描函数
{
if(k1==0)//按下k1键确定调时分秒
{
delay(5);
if(k1==0)
{
s1num++;
while(!k1)
;
delay(5);
while(!k1);
if(s1num==1)
{
TR0=0;//暂停计时器
write_com(0x80+0x4d);//光标在秒的位置闪烁
write_com(0x0f);
}

if(s1num==2)//光标在分的位置
{
TR0=0;
write_com(0x80+0x4a);
write_com(0x0f);
}

if(s1num==3)//光标在小时的位置
{
TR0=0;
write_com(0x80+0x47);
write_com(0x0f);
}
if(s1num==4)//光标在星期的位置
{
TR0=0;
write_com(0x80+0x0d);
write_com(0x0f);
}
if(s1num==5)//光标在日的位置
{
TR0=0;
write_com(0x80+0x09);
write_com(0x0f);
}
if(s1num==6)//光标在月的位置
{
TR0=0;
write_com(0x80+0x06);
write_com(0x0f);
}
if(s1num==7)//光标在年的位置
{
TR0=0;
write_com(0x80+0x03);
write_com(0x0f);
}
if(s1num==8)//按下第8下时接着走时
{
s1num=0;
write_com(0x0c);
TR0=1;
}

}
}
if(s1num!=0)
{
if(s1num==1)
{
if(k2==0)//按k2键秒加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{
while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);

miao++;
if(miao==60)
miao=0;

write_sfm(0x0c,miao);
write_com(0x80+0x4d);
}
}
}

if(s1num==2)
{
if(k2==0)//分加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{
while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);
fen++;
if(fen==60)
fen=0;

write_sfm(0x09,fen);
write_com(0x80+0x4a);
}
}
}

if(s1num==3)
{
if(k2==0)//时加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{

while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);
shi++;
if(shi==24)
shi=0;

write_sfm(0x06,shi);
write_com(0x80+0x47);
}
}
}

if(s1num==4)
{
if(k2==0)//星期加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{

while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);
week++;
if(week==7)
week=0;

write_week(week);
write_com(0x80+0x0d);
}
}
}

if(s1num==5)
{
if(k2==0)//日加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{

while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);
ri++;
if(ri==31)
ri=1;

write_riqi(0x08,ri);
write_com(0x80+0x09);
}
}
}

if(s1num==6)
{
if(k2==0)//月加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{

while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);
yue++;
if(yue==12)
yue=1;

write_riqi(0x05,yue);
write_com(0x80+0x06);
}
}
}

if(s1num==7)
{
if(k2==0)//年加1
{
delay(5);
if(k2==0)
{

while(!k2);
delay(5);
while(!k2);
nian++;
if(nian==100)
nian=0;
write_riqi(0x02,nian);
write_com(0x80+0x03);
}
}
}

if(k4==0)//判断k4是否被按下
{
delay(5);
if(k4==0)
{
while(!k4);
delay(5);
while(!k4);
if(s1num==1)
{
miao--;//秒减1
if(miao==-1)
miao=59;
write_sfm(0x0c,miao);
write_com(0x80+0x4d);
}
if(s1num==2)
{
fen--;//分减1
if(fen==-1)
fen=59;
write_sfm(0x09,fen);
write_com(0x80+0x4a);
}
if(s1num==3)
{
shi--;//时减1
if(shi==-1)
shi=23;
write_sfm(0x06,shi);
write_com(0x80+0x47);
}
if(s1num==4)
{
week--;//星期减1
if(week==-1)
week=6;
write_week(week);
write_com(0x80+0x0d);
}
if(s1num==5)
{
ri--;//日减1
if(ri==0)
ri=30;
write_riqi(0x08,ri);
write_com(0x80+0x09);
}
if(s1num==6)
{
yue--;//月减1
if(yue==0)
yue=12;
write_riqi(0x05,yue);
write_com(0x80+0x06);
}
if(s1num==7)
{
nian--;//年减1
if(nian==-1)
nian=99;
write_riqi(0x02,nian);
write_com(0x80+0x03);
}
}
}
}
if(k8==0)// 按下k8退出调时
{
delay(5);
if(k8==0)
{
while(!k8);
delay(5);
while(!k8);
s1num=0;
write_com(0x0c);
TR0=1;
}
}
}

void main()
{
init();
while(1)
{
keyscan();
}
}

void timer0()interrupt1//中断服务程序
{

TH0=(65536-50000)/256;//设定定时器初值
TL0=(65536-50000)%6;//12M晶振时50ms数为50000
t++;
if(t==20)//定时器中断20次为1秒
{
t=0;
miao++;
if(miao==60)
{
miao=0;
fen++;
if(fen==60)
{
fen=0;
shi++;
if(shi==24)
{
shi=0;
ri++;
week++;
if(week==7)
week=0;
write_week(week);//刷新星期
if(ri==31)
{
ri=1;
yue++;
if(yue==13)
{
yue=1;
nian++;
if(nian==100)
nian=0;
write_riqi(0x02,nian);//刷新年
}

write_riqi(0x05,yue);//刷新月
}
write_riqi(0x08,ri);//刷新日
}
write_sfm(0x06,shi);//刷新时
}
write_sfm(0x09,fen);//刷新分
}
write_sfm(0x0c,miao);//刷新秒
}
}

// 还可以加上整点报时和断电记忆的功能,还可以加上24小时和12小时制转换功能，还可以加上秒表功能，原理都是一样的，但由于51单片机内存有限，只有
//4k，所以没加
//由于单片机晶振不是严格的12MHz，所以要想时钟精确的话还要进行中断时间的调整//其中年只能改变后两位，即从2000到2099年，其实也可实现全调，原理是一样的，但没这个必要